Thursday, May 2, 2024

Eyebrow Ingrowns: Causes & How To Get Rid Of The Bumps

ingrown eyebrow hair

If you want to shave, or remove hair in another way, there are things you can do to prevent ingrown hairs and help them get better quicker. The best way to reduce the incidence of ingrown hairs is to stop tweezing, plucking, and waxing your hair until it has made its way out by itself or with the help of a professional. The only way you can prevent ingrown hairs from occurring at all is to refrain from hair removal altogether. Keep reading to learn about the types of ingrown hair cysts, and how to treat and prevent them.

Ingrown Hair Removal: How to Get Rid of an Ingrown Hair SELF - Self

Ingrown Hair Removal: How to Get Rid of an Ingrown Hair SELF.

Posted: Fri, 19 Aug 2022 07:00:00 GMT [source]

How We Selected the Best Ingrown Hair Treatments

It's the perfect shape to create defined yet natural-looking brows, and features a smudge-proof formula that can stand against any weather condition. Orlowska notes that to be a candidate for this treatment, you'll need to have some eyebrow hair already in place so that the technician can attach the extensions. Just apply a warm, clean washcloth as a compress to soften your skin, which can help move the hair to the surface of the cyst.

Best for Sensitive Skin

Infected ingrown hairs can be uncomfortable, but most clear up on their own in 7–10 days with good hygiene. If shaving worsens your condition, you might want to try a chemical hair removal product (depilatory), such as Nair, Magic, others. If your symptoms don’t improve, your healthcare provider may need to prescribe medications that decrease inflammation and improve infections.

What are the symptoms of ingrown hair?

For example, prescription steroid creams can reduce inflammation, and prescription-strength antibiotic creams can treat the infection. If you can't go that long without removing your hair and other self-care techniques aren't helping, your health care provider might recommend medications, laser-assisted hair removal or both. "Scarring is possible any time we damage the skin," Healy notes. When done correctly by a trained professional, microblading should last up to a year, says Diana Menendez, the owner of threading and microblading studio Accentuated in Scottsdale. After a year you will most likely need a regular annual touch-up appointment to maintain original results.

ingrown eyebrow hair

Essentially, the wisps of hair can become trapped underneath the skin as it grows, which can result in a tiny, pimple-like mound. Ingrowns may happen more if you have coarse or curly brow hairs, says brow expert Joey Healy, but they're super common, especially if you're partial to a regular eyebrow wax or threading session. Ingrown hair cysts happen when a hair follicle gets blocked, and the hair grows into your skin instead of out.

How long do ingrown hairs last?

Trying to remove them can sometimes interfere with the healing process and cause them to last longer. Retinoid creams are effective in removing dead skin cells that may contribute to ingrown hairs. In some cases, you may be able to see the hair at the surface of the bump. Ingrown hair cysts commonly form on the parts of the body that people shave, such as the armpits.

The form of treatment will likely rely on your personal preference. Do you prefer a cream that you can rub in or a more liquid option that you can quickly apply with a cotton swab? There are several different treatment forms on this list to help you choose the one that fits best for your needs. You apply this product after being in your shower for a few minutes, but before shaving.

How truck driving can impact your kidney health

How To Grow Out Your Eyebrows– According To The Pros - Essence

How To Grow Out Your Eyebrows– According To The Pros.

Posted: Wed, 06 Mar 2024 08:00:00 GMT [source]

They’ll likely forward you to a dermatologist to safely remove the hair and determine the type of infection you’re dealing with. Popping an ingrown hair can increase you chance of it becoming infected. You can’t always prevent ingrown hairs, but you can take steps to lower the chances of them developing. Exfoliation should be approached carefully, as it causes inflammation, which leads to hyperpigmentation and may not be very helpful in resolving ingrown hairs. If the hair is near the skin’s surface, however, you may be able to remove it by gently grasping it with sterilized tweezers.

Is ingrown hair contagious?

ingrown eyebrow hair

The liver is the second largest organ, weighing in at around 3 pounds. The authors of one 2015 observational study involving 374 adult women with acne found that 89.8% had breakouts on multiple areas of the face, including the forehead, cheeks, and chin. However, some parts of the skin, including the forehead, nose, and chin, produce more sebum than others. We independently evaluate all recommended products and services. If you click on links we provide, we may receive compensation. Any of these methods may irritate the skin and should be and discussed with a dermatologist before use.

People can treat pimples on the eyebrows and other blemishes quickly with medication and home remedies. Every pore in the skin contains a hair follicle and an oil-producing sebaceous gland. Pimples occur when pores in the skin become clogged with oil, dirt, or bacteria.

At this point, your hair is embedded far too deep underneath the bump or cyst for you to pull it out. So it’s important to follow a doctor or healthcare professional’s directions. When this happens, the hair in the follicle can become stuck or grow sideways into the skin, causing an ingrown hair. In some cases, the hair can be seen growing under the surface of the skin.

If you notice one or more of these symptoms, see a physician or health professional for help as soon as possible. If the hair is already visible and sticking out of your skin, you can attempt to tweeze the hair out. Don’t dig for the hair, as this increases the risk of causing or spreading an infection.

Although quite not permanent, depilatory methods, which include liquid or cream treatments like Nair, can produce long-lasting results as well. Treatment for ingrown hair cysts varies depending on the type of cyst involved. Some cysts may need to be treated with antibiotic ointment or surgery, while others may not need any treatment at all. A person may develop an ingrown hair if they regularly shave, pluck, tweeze, or wax their eyebrows. If they’re not infected, some ingrown hair cysts can go away on their own. In some cases, there’s another underlying cause, such as a genetic mutation, which means they can develop again.

Ingrown Hair Cyst: Symptoms, Treatment, Prevention, and More

ingrown eyebrow hair

However, most pimples develop in areas where there is excess oil, such as the chin, nose, and forehead. The hair grows from the bottom of your pore and is kept bathed in sebum secreted by the pore. But if the top of your pore becomes blocked due to debris or too much sebum and it swells shut, the hair can’t make its way out, resulting in an ingrown hair. Every pore on your skin contains a hair follicle, some fine and some coarse.

Treatment

Treatments with less aggressive ingredients can be used multiple times a day, while others should only be used once per day and in some cases after a 12 to 24-hour waiting period after shaving. The product is a bit more runny than we expected but it can still be applied with a cotton pad. We recommend that you use it as an aftershave and it shouldn’t be worn outside in direct sunlight without sunscreen.

Brow Exfoliation Is the Part of Your Skin-Care Routine You're Forgetting - Allure

Brow Exfoliation Is the Part of Your Skin-Care Routine You're Forgetting.

Posted: Tue, 08 Aug 2017 07:00:00 GMT [source]

Clogged follicles

Pores are the small holes in our skin that allow sweat and oil to reach the surface of the glands underneath. This serum is on the more expensive side, and while it’s rare, some people have reported slightly worsening ingrown hair conditions after using it. As such, it may not make it all the way to the surface of the skin before turning and clogging the follicle. Tea tree oil is anti-inflammatory, and it has antibacterial and antiseptic properties, which is why it's found in so many acne products. It also helps to keep your skin's naturally occurring oils in check. You might have small bumps with hairs in the middle of your face and neck or on other hairy places on your body.

Ingrown hair infection: Pictures

Curly or coarse eyebrow hair is more prone to becoming ingrown. For instance, tight-fitting eyewear or constant friction from rubbing or scratching the eyebrow area can contribute to the development of ingrown hairs. If you notice a raised, inflamed spot in or around your eyebrows accompanied by discomfort, tenderness, or pain, there’s a possibility it could be an ingrown eyebrow hair. Additionally, you may experience itchiness or sensitivity in the affected area.

With all of this in mind, you have to determine whether the microblading procedure is worth it for you. It's also important to point out that the impressive before-and-after photos you've probably seen on social media don't depict the long-term effects of microblading. Other aftercare instructions include avoiding sweating, swimming, and saunas. Otsuji reiterates that keeping the area dry is important for the best results.

"I recommend the use of alpha and beta hydroxy acids to exfoliate your skin, followed by a light non-comedogenic oil-free moisturizer," Dr. Murphy-Rose adds. Other at-home options range widely and include cleansers like CeraVe's SA Body Wash, saturated peel pads like First Aid Beauty's Ingrown Hair Pads. There are plenty of different exfoliants and chemical peels to choose from if the DIY route isn't for you. That’s why it’s essential to work carefully and properly clean both the skin and the tools. To alleviate the swelling, you can apply a cold compress or ice pack wrapped in a thin cloth to the affected area. This can help reduce inflammation and provide temporary relief.

Cute & Comfy Beautician Scrubs for PMU and Beauty Artists

If you aren’t a fan of chemical solutions, a scrub brush is an effective and typically less expensive method of ingrown hair removal. Mixing tea tree, coconut, and tamanu oils, the Fur Ingrown Concentrate can calm redness and is gentle enough on the skin that you can apply it anywhere on your body—especially on more sensitive areas. It only requires a few drops to the affected area as needed or you can help exfoliate the area with the included finger mitt. The Bliss Ingrown Hair & Razor Bump Eliminating Solution can be applied daily using a cotton pad to any area where you frequently develop razor bumps.

How do you identify an ingrown hair cyst?

Hair removal by threading in this area prepares the skin perfectly for a natural day with just a bit of moisturizer and offers a flawless canvas for those glamorous makeup moments. Not only that, but if you're on antibiotics, you'll need to wait 14 days after your final dose before getting microblading, as antibiotics can make the pigment change color while healing. Microblading can be somewhat painful, but the level of pain you may feel will depend on your own natural pain tolerance. Your brow artist will slather on a numbing gel before they begin, and may also add an extra layer of gel between each pass.

Is microblading a tattoo?

Microblading is now so mainstream that finding a skilled, certified professional to perform the treatment in almost any location isn't very difficult. Threading is the most gentle, non-invasive method of hair removal. It does not require chemicals or hot wax and an expert stylist can offer detailed shaping. And, of course, make sure to avoid using any acids or retinoids until your brows fully heal, since they can fade the pigments. In fact, when Cosmo’s previous beauty director, Carly Cardellino (featured here), tried microblading with Aava for the first time, she was hooked.

ingrown eyebrow hair

Ensure the temperature isn't too hot, and let the warm water do its thing. To decrease inflammation and provide gentle exfoliation simultaneously, combine oatmeal with cooling yogurt. In addition, some people are simply more prone to the issue due to their hair type. When it comes to treatment and relief, there are several approaches you can take.

Gently lift the hair loop until one end releases from your skin. Eyebrow growth is influenced by various factors, including diet, lifestyle habits, and genetics. While there’s no guaranteed one-size-fits-all solution, incorporating natural remedies like a healthy diet, essential oils, and gentle massage techniques can support healthy eyebrow growth. If you have concerns about significant eyebrow thinning, consult a dermatologist to explore all available options. She’s an authority in all makeup categories but is an expert when it comes to microblading after years of researching and trying it out herself. She regularly tests and analyzes makeup products and treatments for efficacy, while working with the industry’s top makeup artists and dermatologists to assess new formulas and brands.

ingrown eyebrow hair

You can try using some topical treatments—either over-the-counter or prescription from your provider—to help with healing. Most pimples are small, white, black, or flesh-colored bumps that sit just below the surface of the skin. The bacterium causes an infection that eventually triggers the body’s immune response. This can involve inflammation and the development of pus-filled cysts. This after-shave oil contains coconut to treat and soothe the skin and features scent notes of grape, lavender, and passion fruit too.

If the cyst looks infected or didn't go away after you tried at-home treatment, see a healthcare provider. They can give you antibiotics and other treatments to keep the infection from spreading and prevent scarring. You may be more likely to get ingrown hairs if you have coarse or curly hair. If you are treating a sensitive part of the body, consider a product that utilizes a chemical exfoliant. The solution mixes both salicylic and glycolic acids with extracts from green tea and oat to create a blend that can exfoliate and soothe irritated skin. Another added perk is that it is also cruelty-free and PETA certified.

Targeted treatments like the Manscaped Crop Exfoliator are specifically designed to work on the pubic area with minimal irritation. It can be applied all over the body to any area that typically develops ingrown hairs, including the pubic area. To help cool down any irritation or redness, this serum includes several popular calming ingredients like vitamin E, chamomile, and lavender. We know honey has soothing and antibacterial properties, and this combination of ingredients keeps follicles clear of any blockages while providing calming and moisturizing benefits to the skin. All these things help coax ingrown hairs out of the follicle before they become inflamed or infected. Ambrosen recommends applying this mixture to already dampened skin for the best results.

You might be more likely to get ingrown hair cysts if you have coarse or curly hair. The cysts can also form where dead skin cells are blocking hair follicles. This article explains what an ingrown hair cyst looks like and why these bumps form. It also covers some home remedies and medical treatments for ingrown hair cysts, as well as tips for preventing them.

One very useful product is adapalene gel, an over-the-counter retinoid medication. This medication can be applied to areas with ingrown hairs to help gently exfoliate until the ingrown hair appears at the surface of your skin. You can then carefully remove the hair with tweezers (see below). If an infection develops and worsens, you may need medical treatment. Taking measures to prevent ingrown hairs and treating any infections promptly can help prevent these.

Wednesday, May 1, 2024

25 Gray Blending Hairstyles: Hair Inspiration For Aging Women

blending gray hair

By incorporating layers into your hair, you can create movement and texture, making your gray hair blend even more striking. The layers can be strategically placed to frame your face or add volume to certain areas. A gray hair blend with highlights allows you to express your individuality and stand out from the norm, all while embracing the beauty of your gray hair.

7 Best Men’s Hair Dyes For Gray Hair: Hide It Well in 2024 - FashionBeans

7 Best Men’s Hair Dyes For Gray Hair: Hide It Well in 2024.

Posted: Mon, 22 Apr 2024 09:31:27 GMT [source]

Ash Blonde Highlights on Black Hair

While there's no shame in having grays (people are requesting gray hair from their colorists), there's also no shame in not wanting to let go of a hue you've had for years, either. Ride the silver hair trend train and jazz up your ‘do with loose waves. The epic battle between blondes and brunettes has always been acute, but there’s a new player making waves in the hair game. Below you will find twenty ways you can accomplish the so-called granny hair look and join in on the latest takeover. We all dread seeing those first few grays pop up, providing a reminder that we’re growing older.

Watch and learn: Gray hair blending techniques.

In between appointments, Succo suggests using a root touch-up product to keep your highlights blended. Rock the trendy bob hairdo with a stunning blend of gray hues, creating a chic look that’ll have you feeling proud and with it. The multi-tone effect adds dimension and makes your hair appear fuller and more voluminous. Stephanie Martin blends her beauty industry background with expertise in communications to lead in the fashion and beauty world. As a fashion and beauty editor, she is known for engaging and informative articles. Her lifelong passion for fashion, makeup, and hair shines through her work, earning her widespread respect among readers and clients.

Balayage

On average, touch-ups are recommended every 4 to 6 weeks to maintain a seamless blend. This is one of our favorite ways to go from brown hair to gray. Are you thinking of going gray without bleaching your hair? Going from brown hair to gray can be done but we’ll be honest – you won’t get the same effect as if you bleach your hair first. If you’re not quite ready to commit to a lighter color, consider embracing the grey.

blending gray hair

TRESemmé Botanique Color Vibrance & Shine Intensive Mask

To have a polished and hydrating look apply Hair perfecto to get the desired result. Carry out your natural steel gray color with a small number of smoky silver highlights to enhance a bit trashy look. For a simple, pretty style that will suit any occasion, create soft waves by spritzing hair with a salt spray and then applying a small amount of smoothing oil. This color is one of the most popular shades of gray because it’s a perfect neutral, and it looks great on all skin tones. On the other hand, highlights tend to accent the grays even more.

If the hair is too damaged from a huge change in color, it can completely spit out the gray you’ve worked so hard to get in. Keeping your hair happy and healthy throughout the entire process is the key to getting to that low-maintenance look you’ve been wanting. Embrace a stunning and modern look by adding layers to your blonde-gray hair blend. Layers are a perfect way to enhance your gray blending hairstyle, giving it depth and dimension. The key to achieving this stylish look is to blend the gray and brown tones seamlessly, creating a beautiful transition. By doing so, your hair follicles will be subtly highlighted, giving your locks depth and dimension.

How can I make my gray blending look natural?

The former, meanwhile, isn’t actually meant to hide your grays. Instead, it helps them integrate throughout your mane for a natural-looking, multi-tonal effect. Think of gray blending as a way to make your silver strands background noise instead of the stars of the show.

Enriched with vitamin B5, collagen, and protein, this shampoo nourishes while being kind to sensitive scalps. More importantly, the formula is free from parabens and sulfates. Coat this cream on your post-shampoo wet hair, have it sit for five minutes, and let the magic happen. When you rinse it out, your hair will have an extra boost of UV protection, moisture, and satisfying softness thanks to hydrating guava butter. Unicorn Hair Semi-Permanent Hair Color Tint in Gargoyle can be used instead of dye if you are transitioning to gray. You can do this by either wearing a swim cap, applying liberal amounts of leave-in conditioner or just wetting your hair before you jump into a pool.

The top gray color will let your roots grow out without the need for regular touch-ups, while the darker bottom layer will create a refreshing contrast and well-groomed appearance. Cutting your hair short will give you a full head of gray hair, quicker. When your color grows out naturally in shades of silver and steel, you’ll be able to feel the joys of going gray with a look that suits you. Silvery hues can are so on-trend and can be strikingly beautiful.

They are a slower, gentler approach to removing color in the hair. Lifting the brown out with a lightener first will give a more precise canvas to work on and lighter options. It’s much more complex, classed as a color correction, and will take time, so consult your stylist.

“You don’t want to choose a tone that’s much darker than your natural base color because you don’t want to create too much contrast when adding lowlights. You want to create a softer, more natural blend.” Of course, your skin tone will also inform how warm or cool the lowlights should be, so keep that in mind as well when honing in on a hue. Depending on where you are in your hair color journey, sometimes making the switch to a full-on silver hue can be a challenge. Enter lowlights, which when blended with highlights, are the key ingredient to full-bodied dimension—and the secret sauce to blending in our grays.

Since you’re already embracing your naturally graying hair, why not do the same for your texture? A haircare system specifically designed to maintain the vibrancy and longevity of color-treated and gray hair can keep your mane in prime condition. The nourishing shampoo gently cleanses gray and silver hair without stripping moisture, while the enriching conditioner helps strands appear bright and healthy-looking.

Made by using a combination of highlights and lowlights, Keading says you get a softer line of demarcation when your roots grow out and it gives you a subtle dimension throughout. Each gray blending service is unique based on your natural hair color palette. If you don’t mind some of your natural color in the root, you could gradually transition to blend gray hair with dark brown hair using low lights. Use the dark tone you usually have, but do not paint it globally on the roots. This leaves little gaps in the natural shade of your root color, softening the root line as it grows.

How to Use 'Gray Blending' to Transition Your Hair

blending gray hair

Use this serum daily right at the scalp to feed your hair follicles a proprietary blend of bioavailable adaptogens and minerals. This rich serum helps preserve hair’s natural pigment for longer and makes your hair appear more full. It supports collagen-rich shine for healthy hair, roots and strands. Some products exfoliate the hair and some that pull-out tones. These are not lighteners and are specifically designed to remove artificial tones.

How to Find Infallible Foundation Shades That Match Your Skin Tone

Below, the experts break down everything you need to know about gray blending, along with some hair inspo. There’s an alternative to highlights and lowlights for blending gray hair roots into dark brown hair; explore your options with your hairstylist. To give you an idea of how stunning this hairstyle can be, imagine a side-parted, shoulder-length gray hair blend flowing down your shoulders. The blend seamlessly combines your natural gray hair with subtle highlights and lowlights, creating a multidimensional and irresistible effect.

blending gray hair

Gray Blending Ombre Hair

Bold Uniq’s purple hair mask is the ideal treatment for blonde, platinum, gray, or silver hair. It removes brassiness, conditions with natural oils, and protects against UV rays. Stylist-recommended, paraben-free, and vegan, it strengthens and revitalizes with regular use. Ensure you give your gray-blended hair extra moisture with Better Natured® Moisture Replenishing Masque. Gray blending is an excellent option for those who may need more time to be ready to go completely gray, are looking for a low-maintenance option, or are seeking a more dimensional look.

Silver Highlights

The current trend is not void of hair styles for those rocking bangs. This glorious style with silver, light ash brown and blue highlights is perfect for a lady with bangs who wants to rock beautifully-colored free-flowing locks. The caveat with glosses, though, is that they can only add pigment or darken your hair color. A gloss does not have the ability to lighten hair, says Thompson. But if this is a serious treatment you’re looking into, rest assured it’s safe for most hair types.

Who Is Gray Blending Best For?

21 Celebrities With Gray Hair Who Are Fully Embracing the Look - Yahoo Canada Sports

21 Celebrities With Gray Hair Who Are Fully Embracing the Look.

Posted: Fri, 09 Feb 2024 08:00:00 GMT [source]

Remember, embracing your gray hair is not just about a change in color—it’s about celebrating a new chapter of beauty with confidence and grace. Adding highlights will give the illusion of gray strands peeking through, which helps add dimensionality to your overall look. Use a purple toner like purple shampoo because purple works as an opposite color against yellow and gold tones in the hair.

Rocking a gray hair blend with highlights is like wearing a crown of shimmering stardust, adding a touch of celestial magic to your locks. This trendy hairstyle combines the natural beauty of gray hair with strategically placed highlights, creating a breathtaking and modern look. Embrace the beauty of your graying hair by enhancing it with subtle lowlights that blend seamlessly, creating a multidimensional and sophisticated hairstyle. The lowlights, strategically placed throughout your natural gray strands, give your hair a vibrant and youthful appearance. Gray blending can be done in a couple of ways and which treatment to opt for depends on how much gray you want in your hair (and how often you want to come in for touch-ups).

Silver to Black Reverse Ombre

"I highly recommend the temporary root touch-up in between appointments—they're a dream and super easy to use," she says. One does not simply enter the granny hair arena without having an idea of how to work it. This faux-hawk pixie cut is not just a haircut – it is a statement piece. Achieve this ethereal look by curling your granny hair only at the ends. Shape tight ringlets with a flat iron, spriz with hair spray and tousle the curls slightly for a fluffy look that still holds the tight curl. You’ll find lots of options to choose from, but Mal knows what it takes to transform a crop into a crowning glory.

Stacey London's au naturel iteration has been serving as inspiration for years. "Consider taking thicker slices to create boldness and more solid areas," says Reid. JoAni Johnson's chunky highlights are a prime example of this technique. "Add reflects or foil on deeper areas to create more lightness and brightness," Reid recommends. "The technique will depend on your starting depth and percentage of grey." Subtle highlighting can also help camouflage grays as shown in the below video from TikToker @melaniehasson.

11 Best Beard Dyes for Men 2024 - How to Cover Gray Beard Hairs - Esquire

11 Best Beard Dyes for Men 2024 - How to Cover Gray Beard Hairs.

Posted: Wed, 17 Jan 2024 08:00:00 GMT [source]

While gray blending is trending, don't forget the most important key to luscious locks no matter your hair color is health. Healthy and radiant hair requires nourishment, inside and out. So, eat a healthy diet, drink plenty of water, cut down on stress and use hair products that nourish your graying strands. VEGAMOUR's GRO AGELESS Collection pampers your aging hair beautifully inside and out, from root to tip, so you can look and feel your best at any age and life stage.

Christina’s passionate about wellness, clean beauty, hemp, naturally curly hair, women’s empowerment, self-care, and the natural, beautiful process of aging. She has written for Asé Pure Naturals, Today’s Health Science, the Village Voice out of New York, OK! Embrace the natural look or maintain your gray blended color-treated hair by taking exceptional care of your silvering strands with the GRO AGELESS Anti-Gray Hair Serum. VEGAMOUR spoke with expert Nathan Watson of LionLocs about the benefits of gray blending to jazz up your gray hair. Also, using bond builders in our lighteners is important to maintain as much health as possible.

Various widths of silver highlight create an exciting blend – with pencil-thin baby lights and chunkier marker-thick highlights. If you have lighter hair, you might want to consider a lighter shade of ash brown if you want to avoid looking washed out. Against the silver-white streaks, these maroon highlights look gorgeous. To enhance the shine, use a tailored shampoo for gray and white hair, such as Silver shampoo.

To get the texture you need, use Platinum Texturizing Taffy. A silver base is mixed with ash blonde highlights to create a beautiful color. To blend your gray hairs with the rest, you need to use color in between. The metallic silver hair color may not look that natural, but it is still quite beautiful. It is easy to attain this metallic color, but maintenance can be challenging. You will need to use purple-tinted shampoo almost religiously, as even a bit of brassiness will make the color look off.

Eyebrow Ingrowns: Causes & How To Get Rid Of The Bumps

Table Of Content How We Selected the Best Ingrown Hair Treatments Best for Sensitive Skin What are the symptoms of ingrown hair? Heal Your S...